Professor of Economic Policy and International Economics. Between 1972 and 1992, expert for various international organizations (UNIDO, World Bank, European Commission, ILO). Established and became first director of World Economy Research Institute at WSE in Warsaw. Was a Director of Foreign Trade Research Institute, Head of Transition Economies Section, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe in Geneva, Adviser to the President of the European Commission and Member of the European Parliament. Author and/or co-author of over 250 publications including six books.