Participant of the students' manifestations in March 1968, for which he was sentenced to two and a half years in prison. In 1976, he became co-founder of the “Information Bulletin”, the first uncensored Polish magazine. In 1977, he was a co-editor of “The Worker”, an independent magazine advocating the formation of free trade unions. A member of the Committee for Social Self-Defence of the Workers' Defence Committee, he cooperated with the Intervention Office of the Committee for Social Self-Defence of the Workers' Defence Committee. In 1980, he was an advisor for the “Solidarity” Independent and Self-Governing Trade Union. In 1981, when martial law was in force, he was arrested. After escaping while on leave from prison he joined the “Solidarity” underground movement, during 1984, he became a member of the Regional Executive Committee of the “Solidarity” Independent and Self-Governing Trade Union, Mazowsze Region. In 1989, he was elected to Sejm from the wałbrzyskie voivodship. Between 1989 and 2001 he was a deputy to the Sejm, he was, among others, a chairman of the Social Policy Committee and the Intelligence Committee. Since 1990 in the Citizens' Movement for Democratic Action (ROAD), then in the Democratic Union and the Freedom Union (vice-chairman). He was an author of publications in the Polish and foreign press, among others in “The Criticism”, “Plus”, “Mazowsze Weekly”, “Res Publica” and other uncensored magazines before 1989. He was published in the Polish and foreign press after 1989, among others in “Gazeta Wyborcza”, “Rzeczpospolita”, “Dziennik”, “Polityka”, “Newsweek”, “Zeszyty Literackie”. Book publications include, among others: “The Polish Peasants' Party 1945-47 – a resistance model”, “Solidarity – problems, question marks”. He was honored with the Commodore's Cross of the Order of Polonia Restituta and the Commodore's Cross with the Star. Currently an advisor for Polish President Bronisław Komorouski on issues relating to political parties and political environments.
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